Zeziphi izinzwa ezifakwe kwiipali zokukhanya ezikrelekrele

Izinzwa zokukhanya zizinto ezisisiseko zeepali zokukhanyisa ezikrelekrele kunye nenxalenye ekrelekrele ye-fimming core. Inzwa iqokelela ukukhanya kwendalo ngexesha langempela lomphezulu wendlela, kwaye inkqubo ilungisa ngokuzenzekelayo ukukhanya kwezibane ngokwedatha. Emini, xa kukho ukukhanya okwaneleyo, izibane zicinywa ngokupheleleyo; ngorhatya nakusasa, umbane uyancitshiswa njengoko kufuneka, kwaye ukukhanya kwandiswa ngokufanelekileyo kwiintsuku ezinamafu, ezinemvula okanye ezinenkungu. Ingonga ngaphezulu kwama-60% okusetyenziswa kwamandla xa kuthelekiswa nezibane zesitalato ezihlala zikhanyiswe rhoqo, ithintela ungcoliseko lokukhanya oluvela ekukhanyeni okugqithisileyo. Iipali zokukhanyisa ezikrelekrele zifanelekile kwiiprojekthi zokuhlaziya izibane zendlela kamasipala, iipaki, kunye neendawo zokuhlala.

Izinzwa zokujonga indalo zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwiipali zokukhanya ezikrelekrele ezindleleni eziphambili, kwiipaki, nakwiindawo ezintle zesixeko. Ezi ziquka izinzwa zokujonga ubushushu kunye nokufuma, i-PM2.5, i-PM10, ingxolo, uxinzelelo lomoya, i-formaldehyde, kunye nee-ion ze-oxygen ezingezizo. Izinzwa zobushushu kunye nokufuma ziqokelela idatha yomoya wexesha langempela ukubonelela ngesiseko sezibalo zemozulu zasezidolophini. Izinzwa zothuli zijonga ukuxinana kwezinto zomoya ukunceda amasebe okhuseleko lokusingqongileyo ukulawula ungcoliseko lothuli kwiindawo zokwakha. Izinzwa zengxolo zibamba imiqondiso yengxolo yendlela egqithisileyo kwaye ziyilayishe ngokuzenzekelayo kwi-backend ukuze zilumkise kwangethuba. Izinzwa ze-ion ezingezizo zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwiindawo ezintle zenkcubeko nezokhenketho ukubonisa idatha yokusingqongileyo yexesha langempela kunye nokwakha inethiwekhi yokujonga indalo yedolophu ebonakalayo.

Izinzwa zokuva ukuhamba kwezithuthi kunye nabahambi ngeenyawo ziquka i-microwave radar, izinzwa zomzimba womntu ezi-infrared, kunye neekhamera zokuqaphela ividiyo. I-microwave radar inokubona isantya sezithuthi zendlela kunye nokuhamba kwezithuthi, nto leyo ebonelela ngedatha yokuhlela imiqondiso yezithuthi kunye nokunciphisa ukukhanya kwezibane zesitalato ngexesha lokuthula ebusuku. Izinzwa ze-infrared zifanelekile kwiipaki nakwiindlela zasemaphandleni, ezikhanya ngokuzenzekelayo xa abahambi ngeenyawo besondela kwaye besebenza ngamandla aphantsi ngexesha lokuthula. Izinzwa zokuqaphela ividiyo ze-AI, zidityaniswe neekhamera eziphezulu, zibala ukuhamba kwabahambi ngeenyawo, zichonge ukwaphulwa komthetho okufana nokupaka okungekho mthethweni, ukulahla inkunkuma, njl.njl., kwaye zityhala ii-alamu nge-backend, zilinganise izibane kunye nolawulo lwedolophu.

Izinzwa ezincedisayo zokhuseleko kunye nemozulu, kuquka ukungcangcazela, imvula, isantya somoya kunye nesikhokelo, kunye nezinzwa zokuqokelelwa kwamanzi. Izinzwa zokungcangcazela zifakelwa ezantsi kwepali yokukhanya ekrelekrele, kwaye i-alamu ivulwa ngoko nangoko xa isibane sivuliwe, sitshayiswa, okanye sibiwe. Izinzwa zemvula zibona imvula kwaye ziqhagamshela kwisikrini sentengiso sesibane sesitalato kunye nesikhululo sokutshaja ukuze kuthintelwe amanzi. Imimoya evuthuzayo: Izinzwa zesantya somoya kunye nesikhokelo zibekwe ukuze zilumkise ngesantya somoya esiphezulu kwaye ziphephe ukuwisa izibane eziphezulu. Iindawo ezisezantsi zixhotyiswe ngezinzwa ezibona ukuqokelelwa kwamanzi kwaye zibike kurhulumente kamasipala xa amanzi ezikhukula efikelela kumda ngexesha lemvula enkulu ukuze kukhawuleziswe impendulo kwizikhukula ezinokwenzeka.

Ezinye iipali zesitalato ezikrelekrele zikwaxhotyiswe ngee-sensors zegesi ukuze zibone iigesi ezinobungozi ezifana ne-carbon monoxide kunye ne-ozone, nto leyo eyenza ukuba zifaneleke kwiindawo zoshishino. Ukhuseleko lokutshaja lujongwa zii-sensors ze-electromagnetic induction ezijonga umbane kunye nombane wesikhululo sokutshaja. Idatha evela kwii-sensors ezahlukeneyo idluliselwa kwiqonga lolawulo olukrelekrele ngeemodyuli ze-4G, LoRa, kunye ne-5G zokubeka esweni okudibeneyo, ulawulo olukude, ukugcinwa kwedatha, kunye nohlalutyo. Ukwakhiwa kwenziwa lula kwaye iindleko zokugcinwa ziyancitshiswa kuba yonke inkqubo yokuva idityaniswe kwipali yokukhanya kwaye ayifuni zintambo ezongezelelweyo, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ibe yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yenethiwekhi yokuva yedijithali kwizixeko ezikrelekrele.