Zenziwe njani iibhetri ze-lithium zezibane zesitalato ezisebenza ngelanga?

Ukuze kukhutshwe amandla agcinwe emini ebusuku,izibane zesitalato ezisebenza ngelangazisetyenziswa kakhulu ekukhanyiseni ngaphandle. Iibhetri zeLithium iron phosphate (LFP), ezibalulekileyo, zezona ntlobo zixhaphakileyo zeebhetri. Ezi bhetri kulula ukuzifaka kwiipali zokukhanya okanye kwiindlela ezidityanisiweyo ngenxa yobunzima bazo obukhulu kunye neenzuzo zobungakanani. Akusekho nkxalabo yokuba ubunzima beebhetri buya kwandisa uxinzelelo kwipali, ngokungafaniyo neemodeli zangaphambili.

Iingenelo zazo ezininzi zibonakaliswa ngakumbi kukuba zisebenza kakuhle kwaye zinamandla amakhulu kuneebhetri ze-lead-acid. Ngoko ke zeziphi iindawo eziphambili zale bhetri ye-lithium iron phosphate eguquguqukayo?

1. I-Cathode

I-Lithium yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yeebhetri ze-lithium, njengoko igama lisitsho. Kwelinye icala, i-Lithium yinto engaguqukiyo kakhulu. Isithako esisebenzayo sidla ngokuba yi-lithium oxide, umxube we-lithium kunye ne-oxygen. I-cathode, evelisa umbane nge-chemical reaction, emva koko yenziwa ngokongeza izongezo eziqhubayo kunye nezihlanganisi. I-cathode yebhetri ye-lithium ilawula zombini i-voltage kunye nomthamo wayo.

Ngokubanzi, okukhona umxholo we-lithium uphezulu kwizinto ezisebenzayo, kokukhona umthamo webhetri umkhulu, kokukhona umahluko onokubakho phakathi kwe-cathode kunye ne-anode uphezulu, kwaye i-voltage iphezulu. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, okukhona umxholo we-lithium uphantsi, kokukhona umthamo uphantsi kwaye i-voltage iphantsi.

2. I-anode

Xa umbane oguqulwa yiphaneli yelanga utshaja ibhetri, ii-ion ze-lithium zigcinwa kwi-anode. I-anode ikwasebenzisa izinto ezisebenzayo, ezivumela ukufunxwa okanye ukukhutshwa kwee-ion ze-lithium ezikhutshwa kwi-cathode xa umbane uhamba kwisekethe yangaphandle. Ngamafutshane, ivumela ukudluliselwa kwee-elektroni ngeentambo.

Ngenxa yesakhiwo sayo esizinzileyo, i-graphite isetyenziswa rhoqo njengesixhobo esisebenzayo se-anode. Ayinatshintsho lukhulu kumthamo, ayiqhekeki, kwaye inokunyamezela utshintsho olukhulu kubushushu begumbi ngaphandle kokwenzakala. Ngaphezu koko, ifanelekile ekwenziweni kwe-anode ngenxa yokuba i-reactivity yayo ye-electrochemical iphantsi.

3. I-Electrolyte

Iingozi zokhuseleko zingaphezulu kokungakwazi ukuvelisa umbane ukuba ii-ion ze-lithium zidlula kwi-electrolyte. Ukuze kuveliswe umbane ofunekayo, ii-ion ze-lithium zifuna ukuhamba phakathi kwe-anode kunye ne-cathode. I-electrolyte idlala indima kulo msebenzi uthintelayo. Uninzi lwee-electrolytes zenziwe ziityuwa, izinyibilikisi, kunye nezongezo. Iityuwa zisebenza kakhulu njengemijelo yokuhamba kwee-ion ze-lithium, ngelixa izinyibilikisi zizizisombululo zolwelo ezisetyenziselwa ukunyibilikisa iityuwa. Izongezo zineenjongo ezithile.

I-electrolyte kufuneka ibe ne-ionic conductivity egqwesileyo kunye ne-elektroniki insulation ukuze isebenze ngokupheleleyo njengendawo yokuthutha i-ion kwaye inciphise ukuzikhupha. Ukuqinisekisa i-ionic conductivity, inani lokudluliselwa kwe-lithium-ion ye-electrolyte nalo kufuneka ligcinwe; ubungakanani be-1 bufanelekile.

4. Isahluli

Isihluzi sahlula i-cathode kunye ne-anode, sithintela ukuhamba kwe-electron ngqo kunye neesekethe ezimfutshane, kwaye senza kuphela iitshaneli zokuhamba kwee-ion.

I-Polyethylene kunye ne-polypropylene zihlala zisetyenziswa ekuvelisweni kwayo. Ukhuseleko olungcono kwiisekethe ezimfutshane zangaphakathi, ukhuseleko olufanelekileyo nakwiimeko zokutshaja kakhulu, iileya ze-electrolyte ezincinci, ukumelana okuphantsi kwangaphakathi, ukusebenza ngcono kwebhetri, kunye nokuzinza okuhle koomatshini kunye nobushushu konke oku kunegalelo kumgangatho webhetri.

Izibane zesitalato ezisebenza ngamandla elanga zaseTianxiangZonke zisebenza ngeebhetri ze-lithium eziphezulu ezineeseli ezikhethiweyo ngononophelo ezinobunzima obuphezulu. Zifanelekile kwiimeko ezinzima zobushushu bangaphandle kunye nokufuma, zinobomi obude bomjikelo, ukusebenza kakuhle kokutshaja nokukhupha itshaji, kunye nokumelana okugqwesileyo kobushushu nokubanda. Ukhuseleko oluninzi olukrelekrele lweebhetri kwimijikelezo emifutshane, ukukhupha itshaji kakhulu, kunye nokukhupha itshaji kakhulu kuqinisekisa ukugcinwa kwamandla rhoqo kunye nokusebenza ixesha elide, okuvumela ukukhanya okuqhubekayo nokuba kuneentsuku ezinamafu okanye ezinemvula. Ukuhambelana ngokuchanekileyo kweepaneli zelanga kunye neebhetri ze-lithium eziphezulu kuqinisekisa ukunikezelwa kombane okuthembekileyo ngakumbi kunye neendleko zokulungisa eziphantsi.